5 References

Albouy, D. (2009). What are Cities Worth? Land Rents, Local Productivity, and the Capitalization of Amenity Values. National Bureau of Economic Research.

ANZ Research. (2020). New Zealand Property Focus December 2020: Housing affordability—Unlocking the solution. https://www.anz.co.nz/content/dam/anzconz/documents/economics-and-market-research/2020/ANZ-PropertyFocus-20201215.pdf

Armstrong, J., Skilling, H., & Yao, F. (2019). Loan-to-value ratio restrictions and house prices: Micro evidence from New Zealand. Journal of Housing Economics, 44, 88–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2019.02.002

Badcock, B. (2004). Global exposure and Auckland’s housing market1. Urban Policy and Research, 22(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/0811114042000185491

Bassett, M. and Malpass, L. (2013). Priced out: How New Zealand lost its housing affordability. The New Zealand Initiative. http://nzinitiative.org.nz/site/nzinitiative/files/publications/PRICED%20OUT%20-%20FULL%20RES.pdf

BERL. (2016). Business land availability and assessment methodologies. A report for the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment and the Ministry for the Environment.

Bertaud, A. (2014). Markets, urban planning planning and local democracy.

Brebner, M. (2014). Auckland’s Housing Affordability Problem. 35.

Bull, G. (2003). § Housing Choice.

Cavalleri, M. C., Cournède, B., Özsöğüt, E., & OECD. (2019). How responsive are housing markets in the OECD? National level estimates (OECD Economics Department Working Papers No. 1589; OECD Economics Department Working Papers, Vol. 1589). https://doi.org/10.1787/4777e29a-en

Chanpiwat, N. (2013). Estimating the impact of immigration on housing prices and housing affordability in New Zealand. 38.

Coleman, A., & Grimes, A. (2009). Fiscal, Distributional and Efficiency Impacts of Land and Property Taxes.

Coleman, A., & Landon-Lane, J. (2007). Housing Markets and Migration in New Zealand, 1962-2006. 62.

Cooper, G. C. K., & Namit, K. (2021). City with a billion dollar view. New Zealand Economic Papers, 55(1), 19–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/00779954.2018.1509110

Denne, T., Nunns, P., Wright, L., and Donovan, P. (2016). Signals of Under-Capacity: The practicalities of monitoring Price Signals under the National Policy Statement on Urban Development Capacity. Covec Ltd.

Fernandez, M. A. Better together?: Wetlands, parks and housing prices in Auckland. Auckland Council Technical Report 2020/025.

Fraser, P., & McAlevey, L. (2015). New Zealand regional house prices and macroeconomic shocks. Journal of Property Research, 32(4), 279–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2015.1083606

Ge, X. J. (2009). Determinants of House Prices in New Zealand. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 15(1), 90–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/14445921.2009.1110427

Glaeser, E. L., & Gyourko, J. (2003). The Impact of Building Restrictions on Housing Affordability.

Greenaway-McGrevy, R. (2018). Land Use Regulation, the Redevelopment Premium and House Prices.

Greenaway-Mcgrevy, R., & Phillips, P. C. B. (2016). Hot property in New Zealand: Empirical evidence of housing bubbles in the metropolitan centres.

Grimes, A. (2007). Impacts of Land Availability, Housing Supply and Planning Infrastructure on New Zealand House Prices. 36.

Grimes, A. (2015). Understanding Housing Affordability.pdf.

Grimes, A., & Aitken, A. (2004). What’s the Beef with House Prices? Economic Shocks and Local Housing Markets. 29.

Grimes, A., & Aitken, A. (2006). Housing Supply, Land Costs and Price Adjustment: Housing Supply, Land Costs and Price Adjustment. Real Estate Economics, 38(2), 325–353. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6229.2010.00269.x

Grimes, A., & Liang, Y. (2009). Spatial Determinants of Land Prices: Does Auckland’s Metropolitan Urban Limit Have an Effect? Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 2(1), 23–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-008-9010-8

Grimes, A., & Mitchell, I. (2015). Impacts of Planning Rules, Regulations, Uncertainty and Delay on Residential Property Development. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2552938

Hyslop, D. R., Le, T., Maré, D., and Stillman, S. (2019). Housing markets and migration – Evidence from New Zealand. 45. Motu Working Paper 19-14.

IPCC. (2010). Guidance Note for Lead Authors of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report on Consistent Treatment of Uncertainties. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2017/08/AR5_Uncertainty_Guidance_Note.pdf

Johnson, A., Howden-Chapman, P., & Eaqub, S. (2018). A stocktake of New Zealand’s housing. https://www.beehive.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2018-02/A%20Stocktake%20Of%20New%20Zealand%27s%20Housing.pdf

Kallergis, A., Angel, S., Liu, Y., Blei, A. M., Sanchez, N. G., & Lamson-Hall, P. (2018). Housing Affordability in a Global Perspective. 50.

Khaled, M., & NZIER. (2005). New Zealand’s love affair with houses and cars. https://nzier.org.nz/static/media/filer_public/cc/f7/ccf74121-46a9-4427-a02e-06e8d8363055/nztc_no_41.pdf

Koveshnikova, O. (2017). Determinants and Dynamics of New Zealand Housing Prices: National- and Regional- Level Analyses. 68.

Lees, K. (2017). Quantifying the impact of land use regulation: Evidence from New Zealand » The Hub. Sense Partners, Report for Superu, Ministerial Social Sector Research Fund. https://thehub.swa.govt.nz/resources/quantifying-the-impact-of-land-use-regulation-evidence-from-new-zealand-2/

Lees, K. (2019). Quantifying the costs of land use regulation: Evidence from New Zealand. New Zealand Economic Papers, 53(3), 245–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/00779954.2018.1473470

Maré, D. C., Grimes, A., & Morten, M. (2009). Adjustment in local labour and housing markets.

Martin, S. L., & Norman, D. S. (2020). Does the Rural Urban Boundary impose a price premium on land inside it?

Mayer, C. J., & Somerville, C. T. (2000). Land use regulation and new construction. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 30(6), 639–662. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0462(00)00055-7

MBIE, & MfE. (2017). National Policy Statement on Urban Development Capacity—Price efficiency indicators technical report: Rural-urban differentials. 75.

McDonald, C., & RBNZ. (2013). Migration and the housing market. 20.

McEwan, E. (2018). Will it Really Improve Housing Affordability in New Zealand? 209, 7.

Ministry for Environment, 2020. Reforming the resource management system: Cabinet paper. Retrieved from: cabinet-paper-reforming-the-resource-management-system_1.pdf (mfe.govt.nz)

Morrison, P., & Torshizian, E. (2017). Demographics and the compact city. Presented to NZ Association of Economists conference, Wellington, July.

MRCagney, Covec, & Beca. (2016). Cost benefit analysis of policy options for a National Policy Statement on Urban Development.

Murphy, L. (2011). The global financial crisis and the Australian and New Zealand housing markets. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 26(3), 335–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-011-9226-9

Murphy, L. (2014). ‘Houston, we’ve got a problem’: The Political Construction of a Housing Affordability Metric in New Zealand. Housing Studies, 29(7), 893–909. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2014.915291

New Zealand Tax Working Group. (2019). Future of tax: Final report.

Norman, D., & Martin, S. (2021). Low density housing close to city centre. 15.

Norman, D., Martin, S., & Auckland Council Chief Economist Unit. (2021). Please, Sir, I want some more. 7.

Nunns, P. (2019). The causes and economic consequences of rising regional housing prices in New Zealand. New Zealand Economic Papers, 55(1), 66–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/00779954.2020.1791939

Nunns, P. (2021). The causes and economic consequences of rising regional housing prices in New Zealand. NZ Economic Papers, 55(1), 66–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/00779954.2020.1791939

NZIER. (2014). Big city life? Challenges and trade-offs for Auckland city.

NZIER. (2014a). The home affordability challenge.

Parker, C. (2015). Housing supply, choice and affordability: Trends, economic drivers, and possible policy interventions.

Parker, C. (2021). AMM modelling of uncompetitive urban land markets.

PCE. (2019). Submission on the proposed National Policy Statements on Urban Development and Highly Productive Land.

Price, G. (2014). How has the LVR restriction affected the housing market: A counterfactual analysis. Reserve Bank of New Zealand Analytical Note Series, 20.

Principal Economics. (2021). Economic Impact of Efficient Infrastructure Decisions.

Productivity Commission. (2012). Housing affordability inquiry: March 2012.

Productivity Commission. (2017). Better urban planning: Final report.

PwC. (2020). Cost—Benefit analysis for a National Policy Statement on Urban Development. https://environment.govt.nz/assets/Publications/Files/NPS-UD-CBA-final.pdf

Reddell, M., Sleeman, C., & RBNZ. (2008). Some perspectives on past recessions. 71(2), 17.

Resource Economics, Principal Economics, & Sapere. (2021). Reforms to the Resource Management System: An analysis of expected impacts on Māori, the housing market and the natural environment (Draft Report for the Ministry for the Environment).

Robinson, M., Scobie, G. M., & Hallinan, B. (2006). Affordability of Housing: Concepts, Measurement and Evidence. 51.

Saiz, A. (2010). The Geographic Determinants of Housing Supply*. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 125(3), 1253–1296. https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2010.125.3.1253

Samarasinghe, D. A. S. (2014). Building Materials Supply Chains: An Evaluative Study of the New Zealand Residential Consturction.

Schrader, B. (2012). Housing and government—State loans and state houses. Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga. https://teara.govt.nz/en/graph/32421/total-state-housing-stock

Shi, S. (2009). Monthly House Price Indices and Their Applications in New Zealand. 12.

Shi, S., Jou, J.-B., & Tripe, D. (2013). Policy Rate, Mortgage Rate and Housing Prices: Evidence from New Zealand. 51.

Skidmore, M. (2014). Housing Affordability: Lessons from the United States. 29.

Squires, G., Webber, D., Trinh, H. H., & Javed, A. (2021). The connectedness of house price affordability (HPA) and rental price affordability (RPA) measures. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-03-2021-0029

Stats NZ. (2020). Housing in Aotearoa, 2020. https://www.stats.govt.nz/reports/housing-in-aotearoa-2020.

Stillman, S., & Maré, D. C. (2008). Housing Markets and Migration: Evidence from New Zealand.

Stroombergen, A. (2010). ’Prices and inflation—Price of labour and capita. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand; Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga. https://teara.govt.nz/en/graph/23100/interest-rates-1966-2008

Thorns, D. (2009). Housing booms and changes to New Zealand housing affordability: The policy challenge. Journal of Asian Public Policy, 2(2), 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/17516230903027914

Torshizian, E. (2015). Are We Limiting Regional Development by Imposing Planning Permissions? New Zealand Association of Economists.

Torshizian, E. (2016). Affordability Decompositions for Auckland.

Torshizian, E. (2017). Effects of Crowding, Density and Deprivation on Residential Satisfaction. 286.

Torshizian, E. (2018). Impact of urban expansions on relative land​ prices​.

Torshizian, E., & Grimes, A. (2020). Household Crowding Measures: A Comparison and External Test of Validity. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22(4), 1925–1951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-020-00302-z

Torshizian, E., & Meade, R. (2020). Estimating demand for competition analysis. 34.

Urban Reform Institute. (2021). Demographia International Housing Affordability 2021 Edition. 16.

Yang, Y., & Rehm, M. (2021). Housing prices and speculation dynamics: A study of Auckland housing market. Journal of Property Research, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2021.1873405

Zheng, G. (2013). The Effect of Auckland’s Metropolitan Urban Limit on Land Prices. 23. New Zealand Productivity Commission Research Note March 2013.