Economic and behavioural policy levers for reducing transport GHG emission

There are two general ways to reduce per capita vehicle emissions. The first is through clean vehicle strategies, which reduce per-kilometre emission rates by shifting vehicle fleets to more fuel efficient or alternative fuel vehicles. The second is travel demand management (TDM, also called mobility management or vehicle travel reduction) strategies, which reduce total vehicle travel by shifting to non-auto modes, choosing closer destinations and creating more compact communities with greater proximity between activities. They also rely more on mobility substitutes such as telecommunications and delivery services that reduce the need for physical travel.