{"id":1032,"date":"2023-08-25T20:24:54","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T08:24:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/?p=1032"},"modified":"2025-03-12T15:59:19","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T02:59:19","slug":"climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/","title":{"rendered":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"publicationsSinglePost-pghOne\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at the planning phase. Our earlier work estimated the annual cost of delay to be equal to 18 per cent of the capital cost of projects.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"publicationsSinglePost-titleTwo\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Cite this article<\/h3>\n<p class=\"publicationsSinglePost-pghTwo\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Principal Economics. (2023). Climate change adaptation and investment decision making. Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"content_type":[21],"industry":[23,24,25,28],"class_list":["post-1032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","content_type-publications","industry-enviroment","industry-housing","industry-infrastructure","industry-transport"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Principal Economics New Zealand - Principal Economics provides consulting services on transport, housing and energy.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-25T08:24:54+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-12T02:59:19+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BlogPosting\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#blogposting\",\"name\":\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand\",\"headline\":\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/#author\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/7\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/connor-mcsheffrey-I1Voe0IO9tg-unsplash-resized.jpg\",\"width\":2002,\"height\":1221,\"caption\":\"Climate change uncertainty\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-08-25T20:24:54+12:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-03-12T15:59:19+13:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#webpage\"},\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#webpage\"},\"articleSection\":\"Uncategorized, Publications, Environment, Housing, Infrastructure, Transport\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/https:\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/topics\\\/uncategorized\\\/uncategorized\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Uncategorized\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/https:\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/topics\\\/uncategorized\\\/uncategorized\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Uncategorized\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/https:\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/topics\\\/uncategorized\\\/uncategorized\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz#listItem\",\"name\":\"Home\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/https:\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/topics\\\/uncategorized\\\/uncategorized\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Uncategorized\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Principal Economics\",\"description\":\"Principal Economics provides consulting services on transport, housing and energy.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/7\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/logo-1.png\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#organizationLogo\",\"width\":239,\"height\":71,\"caption\":\"logo\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#organizationLogo\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/#author\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#authorImage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/66122f9dc5cfbf5b71fdd2009dcb9bcb5b76c0a39cb80085b55c403743acae7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"width\":96,\"height\":96,\"caption\":\"admin\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/\",\"name\":\"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand\",\"description\":\"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \\u201cone-in-100-year\\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#breadcrumblist\"},\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/#author\"},\"creator\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/#author\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/7\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/connor-mcsheffrey-I1Voe0IO9tg-unsplash-resized.jpg\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#mainImage\",\"width\":2002,\"height\":1221,\"caption\":\"Climate change uncertainty\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\\\/#mainImage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-08-25T20:24:54+12:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-03-12T15:59:19+13:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/\",\"name\":\"Principal Economics\",\"description\":\"Principal Economics provides consulting services on transport, housing and energy.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/principaleconomics.com\\\/en-nz\\\/#organization\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand","description":"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at","canonical_url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#blogposting","name":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand","headline":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/author\/admin\/#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/#organization"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/connor-mcsheffrey-I1Voe0IO9tg-unsplash-resized.jpg","width":2002,"height":1221,"caption":"Climate change uncertainty"},"datePublished":"2023-08-25T20:24:54+12:00","dateModified":"2025-03-12T15:59:19+13:00","inLanguage":"en","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#webpage"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#webpage"},"articleSection":"Uncategorized, Publications, Environment, Housing, Infrastructure, Transport"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/https:\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/topics\/uncategorized\/uncategorized\/#listItem","name":"Uncategorized"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/https:\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/topics\/uncategorized\/uncategorized\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"Uncategorized","item":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/https:\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/topics\/uncategorized\/uncategorized\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#listItem","name":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz#listItem","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#listItem","position":3,"name":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/https:\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/topics\/uncategorized\/uncategorized\/#listItem","name":"Uncategorized"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/#organization","name":"Principal Economics","description":"Principal Economics provides consulting services on transport, housing and energy.","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#organizationLogo","width":239,"height":71,"caption":"logo"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#organizationLogo"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/author\/admin\/#author","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/author\/admin\/","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#authorImage","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/66122f9dc5cfbf5b71fdd2009dcb9bcb5b76c0a39cb80085b55c403743acae7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","width":96,"height":96,"caption":"admin"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/","name":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand","description":"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at","inLanguage":"en","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#breadcrumblist"},"author":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/author\/admin\/#author"},"creator":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/author\/admin\/#author"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/connor-mcsheffrey-I1Voe0IO9tg-unsplash-resized.jpg","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#mainImage","width":2002,"height":1221,"caption":"Climate change uncertainty"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/#mainImage"},"datePublished":"2023-08-25T20:24:54+12:00","dateModified":"2025-03-12T15:59:19+13:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/","name":"Principal Economics","description":"Principal Economics provides consulting services on transport, housing and energy.","inLanguage":"en","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"en_US","og:site_name":"Principal Economics New Zealand - Principal Economics provides consulting services on transport, housing and energy.","og:type":"article","og:title":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand","og:description":"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at","og:url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/","og:image":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png","article:published_time":"2023-08-25T08:24:54+00:00","article:modified_time":"2025-03-12T02:59:19+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making - Principal Economics New Zealand","twitter:description":"Avoid costly delays in decision-making. For deep uncertainty, plan ahead, start small, and keep monitoring. Climate is beginning to exacerbate extreme \u201cone-in-100-year\u201d events. Our knowledge of the likelihood of these large-impact events happening in shorter intervals is limited. Adaptive Decision-Making can help to minimise the cost (from delays) to the economy through increasing flexibility at","twitter:image":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/08\/logo-1.png"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"1032","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"BlogPosting","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":null,"created":"2023-09-18 06:01:42","updated":"2025-06-28 01:51:06","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/https:\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/topics\/uncategorized\/uncategorized\/\" title=\"Uncategorized\">Uncategorized<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tClimate change adaptation and investment decision making\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz"},{"label":"Uncategorized","link":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/https:\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/topics\/uncategorized\/uncategorized\/"},{"label":"Climate change adaptation and investment decision making","link":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/climate-change-adaptation-and-investment-decision-making\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1032"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1032\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3161,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1032\/revisions\/3161"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1032"},{"taxonomy":"content_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content_type?post=1032"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/principaleconomics.com\/en-nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=1032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}